AmericansThe Colonial Experience Essays - , Term Papers

Americans:The Colonial Experience The Americans: The Colonial Experience America was not believed to be a ground for a utopian society, rather a place for a new start, more freedom, and fewer taxes. The initial group to settle the ?New World? were the Puritans, ?separatists? making a hopeless attempt to try to purify the Church of England by swearing loyalty to the group instead of the king. This all takes place during the 17th and 18th centuries. The following topics that will be discussed are intended to portray all of the different aspects of colonial American social and governmental tendencies. The impression that Boorstin has hidden in the context of the book is that of the portrayal of the ?Old World's? ideas and the influence that those ideas had on the coming of the New World, or better known as America. The Puritans sailed westward across the Atlantic Ocean in 1630. There were fifty-two Puritans that came to the New World to set up the Massachusetts Bay Colony, and the governor of the colony was to be John Winthrop, who stated, ?Wee shall be as a Citty upon a Hill.? This simply meant that they would be a beacon for the entire world to look upon. This group included many people of substantial wealth and position. The Puritans wished to be ?guided by one rule, even the Word of the most high.? They were ruled by the Bible, which resulted in the special character of their approach to experience. The peculiar character of their Biblical orthodoxy nourished a practical and non-Utopian frame of mind. Anne Hutchinson believed that if the Puritans are going to ignore the non-elect, that they should ignore all of the non-elect. She was put on trial by John Winthrop, however, she knew her scripture very well so she could not be persecuted. She and her followers were banished from the colony. A nother disagreement that took place was that of Roger Williams. He questioned the legality of congregationalism and said that church and state must be separate. Williams believed that the civil government should remain totally uninvolved in religious matters. He was then banned from Massachusetts and later, he founded Providence, which was the only New England colony at the time that practiced religious tolerance. The Puritans were not the only colonists driven by religious motives to leave England. William Penn, the son of Charles II, was given the last large tract of land that the king owned. In 1681, William Penn and his fellow ?Quakers? used this land grant in the founding of Pennsylvania, ?the city of brotherly love?. Penn's Frame of Government in 1682 guaranteed religious freedom to all ?who confess and acknowledge the one Almighty and Eternal God.....and hold themselves obliged, in conscience, to live peaceably and justly in civil society.? William Penn had two goals: set up a religious community ?holy experiment' based on the teachings of George Fox, the founder of English Quakerism; and make some money for all of the troubles he went through. George Fox's teachings were simply, ?that every man was enlightened by the divine Light of Christ,? and he was tried for blasphemy and he warned the judges to ?tremble at the word of the lord?, hence the name Quakers. Penn also publicized the fac t that there are opportunities awaiting the newcomers to the Pennsylvania colony, and convicts were actually given the chance to escape from the prisons and start a new life in the New World. Mary Dyer, a follower of Anne Hutchinson, spoke out against her oaths, and she was hung for sedition. Georgia was founded in 1732 by the British. General James Oglethorpe, an appealing figure of Georgia, despised slavery and he tried to ban it in Georgia. He was an arrogant and tough-minded military man of good will. Britain tried to make Georgia into a utopia, but their basic error was the strictness of their rules for the ownership, use, sale, and inheritance of Georgia's primary resource, land. The London Philanthropists tried to make Georgia into what Europe could not have been, a charity colony. They felt that this colony ought to be a protector of the frontier, a refuge for the unfortunate and unemployed of London, and a source of